How a vehicle recall works
A safety recall starts when a manufacturer or NHTSA decides that a vehicle, or a piece of its equipment, has a defect that affects safety or does not meet a federal standard. The manufacturer files a report with NHTSA, which gives the campaign a number such as 26V578000: the year, a letter for the type of product, and a sequence.
Owners are notified by mail, and the repair is done by dealers at no charge. The letter can arrive weeks after the campaign is filed, because parts have to be available first. That gap is the reason to look the campaign up instead of waiting for the letter.
Reading a campaign
Each campaign has three texts written by the manufacturer and published by NHTSA: the summary (which vehicles and what the defect is), the consequence (what can happen) and the remedy (what the dealer will do and when). This site shows the three as published.
Some campaigns carry an advisory. “Do not drive” and “park outside” are the two that matter most: they tell you to change how you use the vehicle today, before any repair.